What Apple’s 50th Anniversary Misses

Originally published at: What Apple’s 50th Anniversary Misses - TidBITS

April 1 marks the 50th anniversary of the corporate founding of Apple Computer. Numerous entities have marked the event with articles, videos, gatherings, and even books. I’ve collected the most compelling of these in TidBITS Talk for those who are interested.

However, I must confess to a distinct lack of interest, even though most of Apple’s history overlaps with my own. The Apple I came before my computing years—I was only 9 when Apple was founded—but my first computer in high school was a Franklin ACE 1000—an Apple ][+ clone that Apple sued out of existence. I went to college in 1985 with an Atari 1040ST that provided more power than the Mac for less money, but Cornell University was an early member of the Apple University Consortium, so Macs were everywhere on campus. I became proficient with the Mac while working in public computer rooms, and in my junior year, Tonya and I purchased a double-floppy Macintosh SE, which we later upgraded to an SE/30 with an internal hard drive. That was the Mac I used when we started TidBITS in April 1990, and I’ve owned and used innumerable Apple products in the subsequent 36 years.

Why I Have Trouble Celebrating

Until April 1 rolled around and I realized that I should write something despite other deadlines looming, I hadn’t thought much about why I’m so disengaged with Apple’s history. To an extent, it’s because Apple is work for me, not a hobby. I can’t say when that switch flipped—computers were as much an entertainment as employment for many years—but these days, reading or watching pieces about Apple feels like a chore, not something I do for pleasure. Either I already know the material, or I have to evaluate whether it warrants coverage in TidBITS. Worse, when the time period covered includes events I know about, I can’t help but be slightly annoyed if my recollection differs or if the person writing had been given much better access than I received from Apple. It’s no longer enjoyable.

I also avoid revisiting the past to keep myself from feeling bad about it. There was a lot of idealism wrapped up in the early days of Apple and—even more for me—the Internet. From the perspective of the early 1990s, we are very much living in a science fiction future, technically speaking. Even the iPhone 17 I carry now is vastly more powerful than the Macs I used in the early 1990s—its processor is tens of thousands of times faster, its display packs nearly twenty times as many pixels, and its Internet connection is always available and thousands of times faster than the dial-up modems of the era.

But as much as I adore much of this technology, I can’t say it has made the world a better place. We were undoubtedly naive, but there was a distinct belief that technological advances would improve the human condition. That has happened in some places and situations, but I remain deeply troubled by the direct and indirect societal ills caused by the tech giants. We used to cast IBM as the industry’s “evil empire,” but in hindsight, its buttoned‑down monopoly looks positively staid next to the extractive surveillance machines of X/Twitter and Meta/Facebook. And then there are all the outright illegal activities that have forced us all to think nonstop about digital security—how many times per day do you enter passwords? Apple may be the best of the lot, but it’s a low bar, and Apple is still clearly willing to put profit ahead of principle.

It Was Never Really About Apple

Much of my lack of interest in Apple’s history stems from a simple fact: companies have no soul, and Apple is no exception. What’s special about Apple is not the company; it’s the people who build, support, write about, and use Apple-adjacent products that matter. I got into technology because I love explaining how things work and seeing people’s eyes light up when I show them what’s possible or solve a problem they couldn’t figure out. Much of my enjoyment of covering Apple came from the relationships I built through years of thoughtful email, along with in-person interactions at Macworld Expo, other conferences, and Mac user group meetings.

Very little of that came from Apple itself, and much of it is now gone. Discussion forums that once hosted in-depth conversations among people who made things happen in the industry have given way to snarky social media posts. Conferences have almost entirely disappeared, and those that remain lack the weight of Macworld Expo as a must-attend event. Most Mac user groups have folded or are a shadow of their former selves (the Naples MacFriends User Group is a shining counterexample). I keep TidBITS Talk going because it provides an important community, even if few of the participants will ever meet in person.

There may be a better path forward—one informed by looking back not at Apple itself, but at what grew up around it. The cliché is “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” I prefer a version that author Rebecca Solnit ascribes to a poet and arborist named Joe Lamb: “We need to remember that we can learn from and repeat the successes of the past.”

What Comes Next

So, in keeping with Steve Jobs’s focus on the future, I suggest that those of us who struggle to dwell on the past take Apple Fellow Alan Kay’s advice to heart: “The best way to predict the future is to invent it.”

I applied that idea to start TidBITS, come up with the first advertising on the Internet (which I’m now embarrassed by, given how exploitative a business model it turned out to be), write the fifth book about the Internet (Internet Starter Kit for Macintosh, which came with the first flat-rate consumer Internet account), and build a successful ebook publishing system with Take Control Books.

All of that was aimed at helping people use technology to improve their lives and the world around them. Now I—and anyone else who feels this loss of community—need to think about which lessons from the past are worth carrying forward and how best to do that. What would you do?

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There’s a lot to think about here, especially with the call to action that ends the piece. I’m going to take some time to take everything in and figure out how I feel and what Apple’s history has meant to me.

Some things that popped into my head to mull, as I read the article today, are Patagonia’s history and how its founder handled his withdrawal from the company, things that gave me joy in the past but don’t any longer, things that gave me joy in the past and still do, and things that began giving me joy more recently.

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The “golden” time for my “relationship” with Apple was initially in 1980, when I purchased an Apple IIE. Absolutely was so pleased by its power, usefulness, and “simplicity” via Apple’s adherence to the KISS philosophy: Keep It Simple, Stupid. That continued for me with my Apple IIGS, and then my first PowerMac 6100 I purchased in 1996. Through all those times, besides always being a pleasure to use, Apple was my trusted companion when I needed to perform my production support tasks for applications I supported. Those were the times!

Unfortunately, things started being disappointing for me in the early 2000’s, when Apple started getting more and more away from that KISS philosophy. It was then that using a Mac at home was not as much a pleasure as before. True, the machine remained my trusty production support partner, but the Apple “luster” was fading.

As for technology making the world “better”, it was, and is, the opposite. Folks started depending more and more on their calculators, and then their phones. I definitely witnessed that when I was teaching Mathematics courses on a part time basis, as students relied more and more on their calculators. (I had office hours while I was teaching, and for an Elementary Algebra course I was the instructor for, a student came in for assistance. She asked me to help her with a problem, and it eventually involved computing 32 - 17. When I asked her to compute it, she first said 19. I said no. Then she said 23. I said no again. Seeing the disappointment on my face, she admitted that she did such calculations on her calculator! I thought to myself, this is our future generation?). It seems that “innovative” thinking has gone the way of the doe doe bird.

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Thanks Adam for this thoughtful combination of personal history and consideration of the state of things at this juncture.

For me it’s broader themes within society that give me pause and prompt many of the discussions with my students. When money, technology and people all meet… sufficient quantities of all of those come together and issues emerge. We get social media and, lately, AI. My students arrive passive consumers in my class and I try to shift them into being active producers, conscious of their choices. Sometimes it works.

On the Apple side… I miss the spark that Steve brought. Apple was a different company at a very different scale, I know, but while companies have no soul, agreed, there was his spark that enervated it.

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I think you meant “innervated”. Darned auto-correct. :wink:

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This is my litmus test for such books. If the telling of an event for which I was present is factually incorrect, it’s a no-read for me. Issacson and Pogue both fail quickly.

And, as Adam wrote, looking forward instead of back is much more in the spirit of Jobs.

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We, each of us, have our own special needs for these tools we call computer hardware and software. For me it is maintaining websites, writing books and articles for the local history museum and newspaper, and coordinating a local middle school academic league’s competitions.

Compared to many others here, my needs are simple. BBEdit satisfies my website building text writing needs (even though I hardly scratch the surface of its capabilities), and GraphicConverter lets me manipulate the graphics that appear on those pages. I use Pages to write articles and books about local history, and have been mainly satisfied with its ability to help me produce them. And I depend on FileMaker Pro, BBEdit, and Transmit (along with various AppleScripts) to coordinate the academic league.

Back when my computer was an Apple //e, and then IIGS, I was perfectly happy with software like AppleWorks, and found an online home with other Apple users at GEnie (anyone remember A2-Charlie?). I even learned to program it starting with BASIC and moving on to assembly language. This was a tool that let me be creative. I remember resisting the idea of moving to a Mac for a long time until finally an AppleWorks database that I absolutely had to have grew so large that it was no longer practical to maintain it there.

Biting the bullet, I bought a Macintosh Powerbook 190 laptop second-hand from an Apple II friend. This was the beginning of my Mac adventure.

I guess the point I’m trying to make is that I’ve never really thought of Apple as a force for either good or evil. To me it has always been a toolmaker who made good tools that I could mostly depend on to do the things I wanted to do.

The community of like-minded users, such as I found on the Apple II forum on GEnie, and at events like KansasFest, were important for more than social gatherings. They were people I could count on to answer questions, and suggest better ways to accomplish things; people whose opinions I generally trusted.

I’ve found the same kind of community here, and I credit Adam with making it possible.

As for Apple the toolmaker, of course they make mistakes, and of course profit is their bottom line. They are a business, and we should never forget that. And as long as they continue to make superior products they will continue to be successful.

And of course we will continue to call them out when they stray from where we think they ought to go. But in the meantime, let’s remember our community of friends and enjoy the pleasure we get from being here.

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On the one hand, eyewitness testimony is notoriously unreliable. On the other hand, Gell-Mann Amnesia is a real thing.

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You know, I’ve had this fleeting thought more than once: “Wouldn’t it be fun to hang out for an evening with these folks?” Probably completely impractical (we’re all over the world, for one thing), but still…

I have a slightly different take on it, @ace. The Mac Plus & Imagewriter I got back in 1986 cost about $2400 in 1986 dollars.* That’s about $7100 today. The Apple of the 1980s was everything you mentioned – daring, irreverent, full of people doing fascinating things. But it was a world limited to people who could afford that kind of price. “The computer for the rest of us” was a lovely sentiment but the “rest of us” had to be rich enough to buy one (or in some sort of situation – university, business – where they could get access to it).

The Mac as a technology was not even remotely (small-d) democratic, in the sense of being universal and accessible to everyone. In some sense, the really democratic technology of the time was the Sony Walkman (200 in 1984 = $599 now), though it obviously did very different things.

The democratization of Apple came much later. The Performas & clones were a disastrous attempt. The iMac G3 (1300 in 1998 = $2600 now) a much better one. But the really democratic technologies from Apple were the iPod and then the iPhone. These were products that were expensive compared to other products in the same space, but still in the range of lots and lots of people. They were much more accessible than Macs ever had been. They continue to be much more accessible than Macs were back in the 1980s (a current 17e costs $599, which would be about $200 in 1986, 1/10th of what I paid for my Mac Plus and about the same price as the Walkman). The Apple of today sells products that really are accessible to an enormous range of people; expensive in their product space, but still accessible and still with the quality for which Apple is famous. And now they’ve extended it to the Mac, with the Neo (which costs about as much as a Walkman did in 1981). To his credit, Steve Jobs started that transition. To his credit, Tim Cook continued it,** and I think the Apple of today is better for it. It has genuinely become a moment when just about anyone can have an Apple computer, phone, tablet, whatever. That was never true in the 1980s. We’ve lost the Mac Pro but gained the Macbook Neo.

Has Apple lost the irreverence and wild ferment of innovation? Probably (though what level of credit do we give them for Apple Silicon, among other things?), but they’ve gained a democratic accessibility. That’s got to be worth something.

*And that was with an education discount

** It’s notable that Jony Ive was a holdover from the pre-Performa Apple and seemed to want to push things up in price. Cook pushing him out may have been as much about that demand for luxury products as it was for, eg, the butterfly keyboard.

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Interesting perspectives from many of you. For myself, my computing needs (especially these days), given that I am retired, are not that demanding. Mainly EMails and surfing the web. (I actually prefer to be outside, doing various things). However, I do make a concerted effort to keep both of my Macs “lean, mean, and clean”, and also do two backups for each machine to 2 separate external SSDs once a week. I do not trust “the cloud” for the storage of any of my information. While that may seem old fashioned, better safe than sorry! And it works well for me.

Regarding the backups, that is where I definitely feel Apple has abandoned the KISS philosophy. For the past few years, they have “messed” around with its replicator software, creating fits for Bombich Software (developers of Carbon Copy Cloner (CCC)) and Shirt Pocket Software (developers of Super Duper! (SD)). It actually has resulted in CCC not being able to support bootable backups. Fortunately, I use SuperDuper!, and thank god there are developers like David Nanian (owner of Shirt Pocket Software). He “thinks different” and has been successful in getting around those replicator issues. And bootable backups have been (and still are) supported.

Other than that, Macs are still somewhat a pleasure to use. I actually relish my M4 Mac Mini (great “little” machine), and my M3 MacBook Air. And there is still some excellent third party software (alot of it free!) available.

“I keep TidBITS Talk going because it provides an important community, even if few of the participants will ever meet in person..”
I truly appreciate that decision. Talk has helped me solved dozens of computer-related problems. It has also provided some light-hearted relief at a time when we are bombarded with dire news, views and ads.

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I agree with you overall but if you widen your view beyond the Apple ecosystem as immense as it is there is much that is better. Apple is a part of it of course but the difference between now and 1980 is stupendous in some areas. In particular, I’m thinking of the impact of high-speed internet across the world. It is now true there is a single world-wide laboratory whose nodes are connected by incredibly fast data connections and this has had a force-multiplier effect. Innovations in material science, physics, medicine, and on and on are happening at gob-smacking speed because your lab in Ithaca is daily chatting, collaborating, and sending monstrous data dumps to that lab in Pretoria.

Add to that the incredible effects of placing iPhones or Android phones in the hands of simple farmers for weather updates, local trading, banking, and so on. Their lives have been transformed for the better. They’re holding the supercomputers of 20 years ago in their hands and those phones are making their lives much, much better.

It’s easy to be mislead by the media/blogosphere to think that these technologies and their social components (as truly dreadful as the social stuff is proving to be) should result in wholesale condemnation. Acknowledge the harms that have surfaced from something so universally powerful but don’t forget the incredible MRI image of your thankfully clear lungs on the iPad your doctor shows you is a product of this astounding change to which Apple has contributed.

Can’t get too excited about another 3% gain in GPU speed for this year, meself but I am agog at the good things that Silicon Valley has made possible over the last fifty years.

Dave

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@Dafuki
Question: how much would you say DARPA and non-Silicon Valley/SF Bay Area universities and research institutions contributed to the development of the Internet versus Silicon Valley?

Their contributions are huge. Silicon Valley may be the shorthand for such developments but in truth it’s the lens that focuses the light from institutions across the world.

Dave

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