You forgot to mention OPTICAL Thunderbolt cables, which are a niche of their own.
None carry power (except maybe a weird 10m TB3 one from Cable Matters; described as having “4 fiber+7 copper cores” – unsure if those copper were for power though?).
Each have controllers in both ends of the cable’s connectors to convert electric to optical signals and back again (hence generally longer connectors than non-optical cables).
I had a massive 60m TB1/2 one that meant my loud storage was away from my home work/sleep area and could get super fast connection, well beating even 10GbE. Also used several 10m TB1/2 ones at work.
The TB1/2 spec failed to deal with overheating issues, that the TB3 ones have supposedly fixed. And of course the TB3 (USB-C connector vs miniDisplayPort) took over FOUR YEARS(!) to arrive (~early 2021) from the release of Apple’s first 2016 TB3 MBPs. Which has made them already slightly obsolete given copper TB4 spec cables had more or less arrived at the same time.
Typically, if you needed one of the alt modes, AFAIR, you’re best to connect via a TB hub, as some modes aren’t supported, and official spec info remains impossible to find.
Oh, then there’s the big issue: price. The TB1/2 ones were a bit cheaper for lower lengths but v.expensive at long lengths (60m one cost well over a grand, and the 10m $300), but the TB3 ones start at pushing ~$400 but then 50m longest ones can be gotten for ‘only’ ~$500.
Given it took Corning over four years to get an optical TB3 one out, I wonder if we’ll ever get to see optical TB4 cables at all, to be frank?