Some of those who have so far responded are needlessly snarky, and unthinking as well. I will assume the OP was not referring to the Lock Screen, where the date is obvious, or even the Home Screen, which the OP refers to—unless by “the first home screen” they mean the lock screen. Or maybe they would like to see the date while an app is open—as often occurs on an iPad but not on an iPhone.
If you place the calendar app icon on the home page at the top left corner, you will have the date on the home screen because the calendar app always shows the day of week and day of month. It’s only a workaround, but one I use.
However, if you want the date within apps, I have been unable to find any way to make this happen, and wonder if the Minds of Apple decided there was not enough real estate to their liking for including the date on every iPhone page. Just another of those inconsistencies between iPad and iPhone that keeps us on our toes.