Interesting. So it might actually be your cables
HDR (especially using protocols like Dolby Vision, but also the older HDR10) uses more bandwidth in order to carry the video data (10 or 12 bits per pixel-color-component, vs. 8 bits for SDR).
If some part of your equipment can’t handle the extra bandwidth, you’ll see a black screen. And if your cables are able to handle the bandwidth for 8-bit but not 10- or 12-bit data, you may find intermittent drop-outs, due to marginal signal quality arriving at the TV.
Looking at Wikipedia’s table of HDMI resolution and frequency limits, we can see the required bandwidth for various common SDR and HDR10 resolutions. (12-bit isn’t presented, but we can multiply the SDR bandwidths by 1.5 to get that figure.)
If you’re streaming a 4Kp60 video, that will require 12.5 Gbit/s for SDR, 15.7 Gbit/s for HDR10 or 18.9 Gbit/s for 12-bit.
A High Speed HDMI cable is certified for 10.2 Gbit/s, and won’t be able to reliably carry any of the above. A Premium High Speed cable is certified for 18 Gbit/s, and should be able to carry the SDR or HDR10 signals, but a Dolby Vision (12-bit) signal will be slightly beyond that limit - this may result in a signal too degraded for your TV to reliably display, causing the periodic dropouts.
Which implies that you have a few options:
- Replace your cable(s) with Ultra High Speed HDMI cables, which are certified to 48 Gbit/s.
- Disable HDR (which you did, and apparently it works)
- If your Apple TV is putting out Dolby Vision, see if you can disable that, causing it to output HDR10, which may work and (depending on your TV) may look just as good.
- Configure your Apple TV for a lower resolution. But I don’t recommend that. I assume that if you have 4K capability, you will want to use it.
FWIW, on my setup, if I route 4K video through my Onkyo receiver, it works with SDR and HDR10, but I get a black screen (and an error on its display) when using DolbyVision. The 12-bit video is either exceeding the receiver’s bandwidth or it simply can’t support 12-bit video (it generates on-screen overlay content for its various menus). Because of this, I changed my cabling, so my Apple TV connects directly to the TV, routing its audio back to the receiver using ARC. My other devices (Blu-Ray player, game console, etc.) still go through the receiver.